Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare and heterogeneous disorder characterized by the destruction of red blood cells (RBCs) through warm or cold antibodies. Our company excels in diagnosing rare diseases like AIHA by developing advanced IVD products. Leveraging cutting-edge technologies, we offer instant detection and accompanying diagnosis development services, enabling swift and accurate diagnoses.
Overview of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
AIHA is an acquired hemolytic disorder, characterized by autoantibody-mediated destruction of RBCs. The disorder manifests with an incidence rate of 1-3 per 100,000 annually and its variable course can range from asymptomatic low-grade hemolysis to life-threatening conditions.
The etiology of AIHA is multifactorial, encompassing a range of triggers including infections, medications, autoimmune diseases, and malignancies. Certain serological subtypes, such as warm AIHA with complement positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT), mixed, or atypical forms, often correlate with more severe anemia, increased need for transfusions, and elevated mortality rates.
Fig.1 Pathogenic mechanisms involved in AIHA. (Fattizzo, B., and Barcellini, W., 2022)
Biomarkers Development for Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Early and accurate diagnosis of AIHA is crucial for initiating appropriate therapy to manage the condition effectively and prevent complications associated with severe anemia. A notable advancement in AIHA diagnosis is the adoption of autoantibody testing like the Coombs test to identify antibodies that attack red blood cells. Furthermore, investigators are investigating distinct biomarkers related to AIHA that may assist in diagnosing and monitoring the disease.
Antibodies
The DAT detects antibodies or complement proteins affixed to RBCs, serving as a biomarker with robust classification capabilities. IAT detects antibodies in the serum that may be causing the destruction of red blood cells.
Cytokine
Additionally, signature cytokines may serve as potential biomarkers. For instance, warm AIHA individuals have four possible cytokine / chemokine biomarkers, with TNFα, IL-10, IL-8/CXCL8 and IP10/CXCL10, and perhaps IL-6.
IVD Kits for Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
| Kits |
Applications |
Detection Methods |
| Immunoglobulin G Assay Kit |
Quantitative determination of IgG in samples |
ELISA |
| Human f-Hb / Free Haemoglobin ELISA Kit |
Analyzing the presence of the f-Hb / free haemoglobin, in biological samples |
ELISA |
| Coombs Test Kit |
Diagnose the presence of immunoglobulin or complement (C3d) that binds to red blood cells |
Direct antiglobulin test |
Our Services
Armed with state-of-the-art technology and a team of dedicated professionals, our company excels in delivering comprehensive diagnostic development services. Our company develops advanced IVD products and provides point-of-care testing and companion diagnostic development services, which facilitate the rapid identification of conditions such as SMA.
IVD Product Development Services
By streamlining the diagnostic process and providing tailored diagnostic development solutions, we empower professionals to deliver precise and timely diagnoses to individuals with rare diseases, to develop targeted therapies better. If you are interested in our services, please contact us for further details and quotations.
References
- Fattizzo, B, and W Barcellini. "Autoimmune hemolytic anemia: causes and consequences." Expert review of clinical immunology 18.7 (2022): 731-745.
- Loriamini, Melika et al. "Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemias: Classifications, Pathophysiology, Diagnoses and Management." International journal of molecular sciences 25.8 (2024): 4296.
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